Scientists Pioneer Carbon-Free Technique for Hydrogen Generation

Scientists work on a new method of hydrogen production in a laboratory in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 13, 2025. An international team of scientists led by Peking University has developed a new method of hydrogen production that eliminates direct carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. (Xinhua)

A global team of scientists, spearheaded by Peking University, has introduced an innovative hydrogen production method that effectively eliminates direct carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Published in Science on Friday, the study introduces an innovative, environmentally friendly, and economically viable solution for the hydrogen industry.

A Breakthrough in Hydrogen Production

Traditional hydrogen production via ethanol reforming typically operates at high temperatures between 300 and 600 degrees Celsius. This energy-intensive process results in significant CO2 emissions. However, the newly developed technique leverages a novel bimetallic catalyst to enable hydrogen generation by reacting bioethanol—derived from agricultural and forestry waste—with water at a significantly lower temperature of just 270 degrees Celsius.

By precisely regulating the active sites within the catalyst, the research team has successfully altered the reaction pathway, overcoming longstanding technical challenges associated with conventional ethanol reforming.

"Our research proposes a new pathway for efficient hydrogen production without CO2 emissions," said Ma Ding, a researcher at Peking University.

Economic and Industrial Potential

In addition to producing hydrogen, the new method also co-produces acetic acid, a valuable organic compound widely used in food preservation, manufacturing, and pharmaceuticals.

"The co-production of high-value acetic acid presents significant economic potential for the industry," Ma added.

Further analysis indicates that the process is scalable and commercially viable at an industrial level, presenting an opportunity for large-scale adoption.

Towards a Green Hydrogen Economy

With hydrogen recognized as a key component in achieving net-zero emissions targets, this breakthrough marks a significant step toward a sustainable future.

"Finding sustainable ways to produce the products we need for daily life while meeting future net-zero emissions targets is a key challenge for the chemical industry, and hydrogen is widely recognized as a key solution," Ma stated.

The research was conducted in collaboration with experts from the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cardiff University in the U.K., and other institutions. The pioneering catalytic technology is expected to play a crucial role in advancing the green hydrogen economy and supporting global carbon neutrality goals.

This breakthrough not only enhances the efficiency of hydrogen production but also aligns with international efforts to combat climate change, positioning hydrogen as a leading energy source for a sustainable future.

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